在学术与政治之间——王国维学术取向论略

Between Academics and Politics——A Brief Comment on Wang Guowei's Academic Orientation

在前期的学术生涯中,王国维沉浸于西方哲学,专心于学术思辨,用西方的哲学思想来阐释中国文化,强调学术独立,并能比较理性地看待中西学之间的差异和各自的不足,进而提出"学无中西"的观点。辛亥革命后,由于时局的变化,王国维的学术取向发生了重要的变化,主要表现为:学术领域由哲学和文学转向古史研究;与西学基本绝缘,对西学的认识有了重要的改变;不再把学术与政治截然分开,而是将两者结合起来考虑问题。特别是他还在学术研究中寄托着自己的政治意向,希望用传统的德治来解决当时的现实问题。这种政治倾向在同时代的学人中是一种带有群体性的现象。

In early years of academic life, Wang Guowei immersed himself into Western philosophy and its academic thinking, expounding Chinese culture by Western philosophical ideas. He emphasized that academics is indipendent, and put up a viewpoint of ＂there is no division between eastern and western learning＂ through reasonably looking at the diferences and deficiencies between eastern and Western learnings. After the National Revolution, as the situation changed, Wang Guowei＇s academic orientation changed significantly. He turns to ancient history studies, and changed his attitude towards Western studies. He also combines academics and politics in his thinking. He reposes his own political orientation in his academic studies, hopes to solve contemporary problems with traditional moral government. Such a political orientation is a mass phenomenon among contemporary scholars.