电镜在遗传性肾小球疾病诊断中的应用价值

Value of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of hereditary glomerular disease

电镜检查在肾活检病理诊断中发挥着重要作用,多数肾活检病理诊断病例需要依靠电镜明确诊断或起到重要的辅助诊断作用。对于遗传性肾小球疾病其重要性更为突出,薄基底膜病诊断完全依靠电镜,而Alport综合征、Fabry病、胶原Ⅲ肾小球病等的肾组织超微结构改变均具特异性,因此高度怀疑遗传性肾小球疾病者应保证足够的组织行电镜检查。

Electron microscopy plays an important role in renal biopsy for pathological diagnosis. Most of renal biopsy cases entirely depend on the electron microscopy to confirm a final pathological diagnosis. Furthermore, many renal biopsy cases are diagnosed by electron microscopy combined with other specific examinations. The value of electron microscopy in diagno- sis of hereditary glomerular disease is especially high,and diagnosis of the thin basement membrane nephropathy （TBMN） depends entirely on electron microscopy. Many other inherited glomerular diseases, e. g. Alport syndrome, Fabry disease, col- lagen Ill glomerulopathy, and so on all had specific ultrastructural changes. Therefore, patients highly suspected with heredi- tary glomerular diseases should be ensured to obtain enough tissue for electron microscopy examination.