论刘裕北伐后秦与南北对峙的形成——兼论弃守关中之原因

On the Formation of Confrontation between Qin and Southern and Northern Dynasties after the Northern Expedition Led by LIU Yu: Discussion on the Cause of Giving Up the Defence of Guanzhong Plain

东晋权臣刘裕北伐后秦之战取得了巨大的成功,刘裕由此积累了巨大的威望,得以成功地代晋建宋。此役改变了北方的政治格局与民族势力的分布,为北魏统一北方提供了战略机遇,在此基础上,中国历史开始向南北对峙的方向演进。对于刘裕而言,弃守关中的首要原因在于刘穆之猝然逝世导致京口集团内部发生力量变动。考虑到东晋的实力和战略全局,放弃关中是有利的战略选择。

LIU Yu, Minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty launched the Northern Expedition war against later Qin Dynasty. LIU Yu thus accumulated enormous prestige, and ascended successfully. The war changed the north and the national power distribution pattern, provided favorable conditions for the Northern Wei Dynasty to unify the north China. LIU Yu made the decision to abandon the northern expedition after the success because of the sudden death of LIU Mu, which was the favorable strategic arrangement, considering the strategic situa- tion.