外耳道瘙痒症流行情况的调查研究

THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF PRURITUS OF MEATUS ACOUSTICUS EXTERNUS

目的:调查外耳道瘙痒症在淮南地区的流行情况。方法:询问病史、盯聍等外耳道分泌物直接镜检及作分离培养。结果:共调查1896人(男993人,女903人),患外耳道瘙痒症者311人(男167人,女144人),患病率为164%。其中男女患病率分别为168%和159%,差异无显著性(P>005)。不同职业人群患病率为268%～522%,且以机关人员患病率较高,差异有显著性(P<001)。5～24岁年龄组患病率为90%～92%。25～74年龄组患病率为127%～228%。单纯性真菌感染98人(52%),单纯蠕形螨感染411人(217%),两者混合感染206人(109%)。检出的真菌经鉴定有6个属,即曲霉菌、青霉菌、根霉菌、毛霉菌、皮肤丝状菌和念珠菌;检出的蠕形螨有2种,即毛囊蠕形螨、皮脂蠕形螨。该病的主要临床表现为瘙痒、奇痒,外耳道轻度充血、耳痛、耳闷、“油耳”和外耳道干糙等。结论:本病由真菌及蠕形螨感染所致,且以蠕形螨感染多见,与职业似乎有关与性别无明显关系,但随年龄增长患病率有增高的趋势。

To make an epidemiological survey of the pruritus of meatus acousticus externus in Huainan areas. Methods: The case history was inquired and cerumen secretion in their meatus acousticus externus was directly detected by microscope and culture separated. Results: Among the 1896 subjects investigated 311 suffered from pruritus of meatus acousticus externus and the sickness rate (male 167, female 144), was 16 4% in survey of 1896 subjects (male 993, female 903). Among them, the sickness rates of male, female were respectively 16 8%, 15 9%( P >0 05). The sickness rate of different occupation was 21 8%～52 2%, and the sicknesss rate office staffs was higher than that of other staffs ( P <0.01). The sickness rates of 5～24 years old and 25～74 years old were 9 0%～9 2% and 12 7%～22 8%. The number of single infection of fungus,demodex and the mixed infection of the pathogeny were 98 (5 2%),411(21 7%)and 206 (10 9%). The detected fungus included six genuses-Aspergillus, Penicillum notatum, Rhizopus, Mucor, Dermatophytes, and the detected demodex included two speciess-Demodex folliculorum, Demodex brevies. The main clinical manifestations of these diseases were pruritus, titillation, minor hyperemia of external ear canal, earache, muffled ear, oily and dry in external ear canal. Conclusions: This disease might be caused by the infection of fungus and demodex and the latter was more common. It was not closely related to occupation and sex. The tendency of sickness rate will increase with the age.