昆虫病原线虫防治韭菜迟眼蕈蚊效果研究

Management Efficiency of Bradysia odoriphaga with Entomopathogenic Nematode

为了探讨昆虫病原线虫(Heterorhabditis bacteriophora)制剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊(Bradysia odoriphage)幼虫防治效果,在宁夏不同栽种年限的韭菜田施用了昆虫病原线虫制剂,评价昆虫病原线虫制剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊防治效果、对韭菜生长量、产量、根系和叶绿素荧光的影响。结果表明,施用昆虫病原线虫制剂后,可有效防治迟眼蕈蚊幼虫,对蛹也有一定防效,对幼虫的防治效果好于蛹。均能使栽种2a和3a韭菜田保苗率增加、株高增加、产量提高,并且韭菜连作时间越长,对迟眼蕈蚊防治效果越好,增产效果越明显,2a韭菜增产23.5%,3a韭菜增产27.2%;施用昆虫病原线虫制剂后,作物的根长、根表面积、根平均直径以及根体积都高于对照组;施用昆虫病原线虫制剂后,韭菜的Fv/Fm在0.75以上,Fv/Fo、NPQ和qP降低,可能是线虫制剂对韭菜的光合过程产生了胁迫影响。

To discuss the control efficiency of Bradysia odoripbage with Heterorhabditis baeteriophora,an ex- periment was carried on Chinese chive fields with different planting ages in Ningxia. The effect of Heter- orhabditis bacteriophora on control efficiency, growth, yield, root system and chlorophyll fluorescence was as- sessed. Heterorhabditis bacteriopbora showed some efficiency on juvenile and pupa of Bradysia odoriphage, and the control efficiency was higher on juvenile than pupa. Seedlings survival rate, plant length and yield were increased after Heterorhabditis baeteriophora was applied in two and three-year Chinese chive fields. Relative eontrol efficiency and yield increase were more obvious with the increase of planting age. The yield of Chinese chive was increased by 23.5% and 27.2% in two and three-year monoculture fields,re- spectively. The length, surface area, average diameter and volume of root were higher in Heterorhabditis bac- teriophora treatment than control. Fv/Fm of Chinese chive was over 0.75, and Fv/Fo, NPQ and qP were de- creased after Heterorhabditis baeteriophora was applied. Heterorhabditis baeteriophora may has stress influ- ence on photosynthetic process of Chinese chive.