群际宽恕的影响因素

On the Factors Influencing Intergroup Forgiveness

群际宽恕(Intergroup Forgiveness)是指对曾经侵犯过本群的外群所具有的报复感、愤怒感以及不信任感的减少,有意识地去理解、接近对方群体,并积极地参与到对方群体中去的一种心理过程。学界对影响群际宽恕的因素进行了深入的研究,分析了低人性化、竞争受害性、群体认同、愤怒、共情、道歉以及群体接触7个因素对群际宽恕产生的影响作用;同时,以影响因素的研究结论为基础,不同的学者提出了提升宽恕水平,缓和群体关系的干预性建议。但是,作为一个新的研究主题,还需要深入探讨群际宽恕的内部过程机制,积极建立符合本土文化的干预模型。

Intergroup forgiveness is the psychological process characterized with a reduction of feelings of revenge, anger, and mistrust towards the past perpetrator group, together with an increase of intentions to understand, approach, and engage with its members. Recent studies mainly concentrated on influencing factors of intergroup forgiveness, including infra-humanization, competitive victimhood, group identification, anger, empathy, apology, and group contact. Different intervention strategies have been proposed to enhance the level of intergroup forgiveness and thus mitigate intergroup tensions. Further studies should explore the underlying psychological mechanism of intergroup forgiveness and construct indigenous intervention strategies htat are compatible with the groups＇ own cultures.