小细胞肺癌治疗中预防性脑照射相关神经毒性的新见解

New insights of prophylactic cranial irradiation associated neurotoxicity in treatment of small cell lung cancer

小细胞肺癌是肺癌中恶性程度相对较高的一种，其颅内的高转移率一直为人们所重视。针对这个情况，预防性脑照射在小细胞肺癌的治疗中已经提出并应用多年。然而，放疗后的多种神经毒性问题一直存在很大争议。近年来，多位学者的观点认为预防性脑照射所带来的神经毒性症状是由多种因素引起，结合预防性脑照射在提高患者生存时间方面的确切疗效，应肯定其在临床应用中的确切价值。

Small cell lung cancer is a relatively high malignant tumor among lung cancers,and the high incidence of brain metastases has been paid great attention for a long time. To address this situation, prophylactic cranial irradiation （PCI） has been proposed and applied in the treatment of small cell lung cancer for many years. However, neurotoxicity after radiotherapy has been greatly controversial. Recently,a number of scholars argue that neurotoxic symptoms of PCI are caused by a variety of factors. Considering the exact effect of PCI on improving patients＇ survival time, the exact value of PCI in clinical application should be affirmed.