广州市野生禽鸟从业人员H7N9禽流感知信行现状调查

Knowledge,attitudes and practices status about avian influenza A(H7N9) among people with occupation exposure to wild birds in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市野生禽鸟从业人员H7N9禽流感知识、态度和行为,为制定针对性的健康教育措施提供依据。方法从广州市9个野生禽鸟场所选取179名从业人员(包括97名密切接触禽鸟及粪便的从业人员和82名非密切接触人员)进行H7N9禽流感知识、态度、行为的问卷调查。结果 97名密切接触人员和82名非密切接触人员对H7N9禽流感相关知识的总知晓率分别为69.81%和62.20%,获取知识的途径主要为电视、报纸和网络。直接接触人员在接触禽鸟及粪便时,总是会戴口罩、戴手套、穿工作服、穿水鞋/防水鞋套、戴防护帽的比例分别为92.78%、84.54%、83.51%、83.51%和71.13%,接触病/死禽鸟时均未能采取全面的防护措施。密切接触人员和非密切接触人员对病死禽/鸟能采取正确处理措施的比例分别为97.94%和96.34%,1年内接种过流感疫苗的比例分别为35.05%和15.85%,表示愿意免费接种流感疫苗的比例分别为76.29%和78.05%。结论广州市野生禽鸟场所从业人员对H7N9禽流感知识知晓率有待加强,个人防护措施普遍不全面。流感疫苗实际接种率和意愿免费接种的比例相差较大。应充分利用电视、报纸和网络等优势媒介,强化海报、广播或讲座等传统媒介,加强H7N9禽流感的宣传。

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice status about avian influenza A （ H7N9 ） among people with occupational exposure to wild birds in Guangzhou and provide evidence for making up health education measures. Methods A total of 179 people with occupational exposure to wild birds, including 97 close contacts, were investigated. Results The awareness rate of H7N9 avian among close contacts and non-close contacts was 69. 81 % and 62.20% respectively. Television, newspapers, and internet were the main channels to learn about H7N9 avian influenza related knowledge. The percentages of wearing of masks, gloves, work clothes, waterproof shoes or shoe covers and work hats were 92. 78% , 84.54% , 83.51 % , 83.51 % and 71. 13% respectively. The close contact did not take comprehensive safeguard procedures when they treated sick or dead wild birds. Up to 97.94% of close contacts and 96.34% of non-close contacts disposed sick or dead wild birds correctly. The immunization rate of influenza vaccine in close contacts and in non-close contacts was 35.05% and 15.85% respectively during past year, while the percentage of those who were willing to have free vaccination was 76.29% and 78.05% respectively. Conclusion The awareness of H7N9 avian influenza among people with occupational exposure to wild birds place in Guangzhou was poor. The rate of taking comprehensive protection among them was very low. The percentage of those who were willing to have free vaccination was significantly higher than the vaccination rate during past year. It is suggested that the education about H7N9 avian influenza prevention should be strengthened in this population with different ways.