急性肠炎患者副溶血弧菌的流行病学与耐药性分析

Epidemiology and drug resistance of acute Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection

目的分析副溶血弧菌所致急性肠炎患者的临床表现、流行病学、菌株血清分型、耐药性分析及临床意义。方法对2010年6月至2012年12月所分离的副溶血弧菌进行病例临床信息统计,菌株血清分型与抗生素敏感试验。结果副溶血弧菌感染的临床表现为腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐、发烧等典型胃肠炎反应。发病高峰在8-9月,以青壮年为主,主要与外出聚餐、食用海鲜产品及食用生和半生食品有关。血清型中以O3:K6为主,占80%;O1:K1占15.24%;O4:K1仅占4.76%。副溶血弧菌对抗生素有较高的敏感性,只对氨苄西林有很高的耐药性。结论副溶血弧菌感染症状典型、有季节性、人群分布差异性,已成为我国一个严重的食源性公共卫生问题之一。不同地区流行的副溶血弧菌的菌株存在较大的差异,必须持续地进行主动监测和污染控制,做到有的放矢。

Objective To understand the clinical manifestations, epidemiology of acute Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection and analyze the serotypes and drug resistance of isolated strains. Methods The analysis was conducted on the clinical manifestations of acute Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection cases detected from June 2010 to December 2012 and serotyping and drug susceptibility test were conducted for the strains isolated from them. Results The major clinical manifestations of acute Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection included abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, Vomiting, fever and other typical gastroenteritis. The incidence peak was during August-September. The infection mainly occurred in young adults. The infection was associated with dining together, eating sea foods and raw and under cooked foods. The major serotypes included O3： K6 （80% ）; O1： K1 （ 15. 24%） and M1： K1 （4.76% ）. The isolated Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were highly sensitive to antibiotics, only resistant to ampicillin. Conclusion Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection has became a important public health problem with typical clinical manifestation, obvious seasonality and population and place distribution differences. It is necessary to strengthen the active surveillance and infection control.