北方春油菜品种农艺性状评估与相关分析

The Evaluation and Correlation of Agronomic Characters of Spring Rapeseed Varieties

试验以为春油菜育种提供理论依据为目的,分析了15份春油菜材料8个农艺性状间的关系以及对产量的影响。由变异系数分析得出,15份材料在8个农艺性状中存在较大的遗传变异。其中,单株总分枝数、单株有效角果数、单株粒重变异系数在50%以上,千粒重的变异系数为8.47%。通过相关分析,15份材料在10对性状达到显著或者极显著相关,其中有2对性状成负相关。用主成分分析能够代表全部遗传信息85%以上的4个主成分的贡献率,应当选择单株有效角果数、单株粒重、千粒重偏大,第一分枝有效部位、主花序有效长、第一分枝数适宜的材料。通过类平均聚类法将15份材料在遗传距离为4处划分为三大类,其中第二大类在遗传距离为2处又可以划分为4个亚类型。

The purpose of these experiments was study on Relationship of 8 Agronomic Characters between 15 Spring Rape varieties and their corresponding influence on the yield and providing a theoretical basis for spring rapeseed breeding. The analysis based on coefficient of variation showed that great genetic variation and wide variation range existed among main agronomic characters. The coefficient of variation of total branch number per plant, effective pod number per plant and weight per plant beyond 50%, however, the CV of 1000-grain weight was 8.472%.The correlation analysis showed that 10 pairs of characters had reached significant level and 2 pairs of characters had reached significant negative correlation in 15 Spring Rapeseed varieties. The principal component analysis selected 4 main contents that contributed 85% genetic information. The results showed that effective pod number per plant, weight per plant, lO00-seeds weight was the higher the better; the first effective branch site length of main inflorescence, the first effective branch number was moderate. The clustering analysis showed that 15 spring rapeseed varieties could be classified into three types in the level of 4 and analyzed their variation of main Agronomic characters. At the level of 2 the second type could be classified into four types.