早熟鲜食糯质玉米杂交种烟早糯5号的选育

Breeding of A Early Mature and Waxy Hybrid Maize for Fresh Edible,Yanzaonuo No. 5

[目的]探讨早熟鲜食糯质玉米杂交种烟早糯5号的高产潜力和应用价值，为其大面积推广提供科学依据。[方法]介绍烟早糯5号的选育、特征特性和栽培技术要点。[结果]烟早糯5号是烟台市农业科学研究院根据目前糯玉米生产市场的需要，以自交系SHll411为母本、自交系HN5113为父本选育的一早熟糯玉米新品种。株高240cm，穗位高100cm，穗长22．8cm，穗行数18行；穗轴白色，子粒黄色，花丝绿色；品质优良，糯性强，果穗商品性好；品种抗病性强；鲜果穗单穗重0．3kg，2010—2013年连续4年的试验，鲜果穗平均产量20250kg／hm^2；春播鲜穗采收期一般在78d，比目前生产上种植面积较大的京科2000糯玉米品种早熟12d；一季产值6万元／hm^2左右，一年可种两茬。[结论]烟早糯5号具有早熟、优质、高产、抗性好等特点，极大地提高了糯玉米种植者的经济效益，具有广阔的推广应用前景。

[ Objective ] The aim was to discuss the high yield potential and application value of early mature and waxy hybrid maize for fresh edible, Yanzaonuo No. 5, to provide a scientific basis for its promotion in a large scale. [ Method ] The breeding, characteristics and main cultivation technologies points of Yanzaonuo No. 5 were introduced. [ Result ] According to the meeting of waxy maize production market at present, A early mature and waxy maize cultivar Yanzaonuo No. 5 was bred by Yantai Agricultural Sci ＆ Tech Institute taking inbred SH11411 as female and inbred HNS113 as male parent. Its plant height was 240 cm, ear height was 100 cm, ear length 22.8 cm, rows per ear was 18; its ear axis was white, grain was yellow, filament was green ; it had strong waxy and good quality, so its ear had good commodity ; it had strong resistance to disease; its single fresh ear weight was 0.3 kg, and in the test during 2010 -2013 its average fresh ear weight was 20 250 kg/hm2 ; its harvest time of fresh ear sowing in spring was 78 d generally, advanced in 12 d compared to waxy maize cuhivar Jingke 2 000 which had larger planting area in production at present ; its production value of one season was about 60 000 CNY/hm2 , and double cropping one year. [ Conclusion] Yanzaonuo No. 5 has characteristics of ear mature, good quality, high yield, good resistance, improves the economic efficiency of waxy maize planter largely, has a broad promotion and application prospect.