黑龙江龙凤保护区秋季鸟类群落特征

Characteristic of Avian Community in Autumn in Longfeng Nature Reserve,Heilongjiang

为了了解龙凤保护区秋{鸟类群落的基本情况，2013年10～11月采用样线法进行了鸟类群落调查。共监测到鸟类8目、14科、37种；雁形目、鸥形目和鹤形目为该季节的优势目；红嘴鸥为优势种，其次为骨顶鸡和赤膀鸭；区系组成中以古北种为主（占67．57％），兼合广布种；居留型以夏候鸟为主（占78．38％），均为以游禽为主的水鸟；保护物种较多（近30％）；栖息环境包括芦苇沼泽、明水面及稀树带，芦苇沼泽为偏爱生境；物种丰富度、多样性、均匀度均不高甚至偏低。基于调查结果，提出了相应的管理和保护建议。

In order to understand the basic information of avian community in autumn in Longfeng Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang, avian com- munity investigaiion was conducted by line transect method from October tb November in 2013. 8 Orders, i4 Families and 37 Species of birds were recorded. Anseriformes, Lariformes and Gruiformes were the dominant orders in this season, Red-headed gull （Larus ridibundus） was the dominant species, next for Common coot （Fulica atra） and Gadwall （Anas strepera）. The species of Palaearetic realm take up the most （67.57%） in flora composition, and contains the cosmopolitan species. Summer resident take up the most （78.38%）, which all belong to the waterfowl. Protected species are relatively more （about 30% ）. Habitat contains of reed swamp, lake and sparse trees, as reed swamp be the prefer habitat. The species abundance, diversity and species homogeneity were not high. Based on the results surveyed, relevant management and conservation proposals were put forward.