豫西南浅山丘陵区耕地地力评价研究——以南召县为例

Evaluation Study on Cultivated Land Fertility in Shallow Hilly Areas of Southwestern Henan

豫西南浅山丘陵区地形地貌较为复杂,影响耕地地力因素较多。该研究以南召县为研究区域,在测土配方施肥工作取得丰富数据的基础上,利用RS、GIS、GPS和计算机技术,对土壤图、土地利用现状图等相关图件、资料、数据进行数字化处理,确定评价单元并赋值,建立耕地资源基础数据库;采用特尔斐法、层次分析法和模糊数学综合评价法等科学方法,选取浅山丘陵区耕地地力评价指标,确定各指标权重和隶属度,开展县域耕地地力评价,并就其空间分布及主要属性进行了分析。结果表明,在南召县31 100 hm2耕地中,一至五等地分别占耕地的9.87%、17.12%、22.13%、27.10%、23.78%,这一评价结果符合当地实际。该研究结果不仅直接应用于该县农业生产和耕地资源合理配置,而且为豫西南浅山丘陵区开展耕地地力评价在方法上进行了有益探索。

Topography of shallow Hilly Areas in Southwestern Henan is relatively complex, and many factors affecting farmland productivity are more. Taking Nanzhao County as study area, on the basis of abundant data, using RS, GIS, GPS and computer technology, materials, da- ta and the map including the soil map, land utilization present situation chart were digital processed, and the evaluation unit and assignment were determined, and database of cultivated land resource was set up. Using the delphi method , analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathe- matics comprehensive evaluation method and other scientific methods, choosing productivity evaluation index of shallow hilly farmland, the in- dex weight and membership degree were determined, and productivity evaluation of farmland in the county was carried out, and its spatial dis- tribution and main properties were analyzed. The results showed that 31 100 hm2 cultivated land in Nanzhao County, one to five of its arable land accounted for 9.87% , 17.12% , 22.13% , 27.10% , 22.13% , and the evaluation result conformed to the local actual. The results not only directly applied to agricultural production and rational allocation of the cultivated land resources, but also arried on the beneficial explora- tion on the way in shallow hilly areas of Southwestern Henan.