酸角及3个甜角品种的果实形态特征及营养成分分析

Pod morphology and main nutritional components of Tamarindus indica Linn.

酸角(Tamarindus indica Linn.)属苏木科酸豆属常绿乔木,其果实是一种热带水果,可鲜食或加工成饮料和其它食品,甜角是酸角的变异类型,以味甜区别于酸角.作者以产于我国云南元江县的酸角及从泰国引种的3个甜角品种为研究对象,对比分析了它们的果实形态及果实的蛋白质、总酸、总糖、主要维生素、主要矿质元素含量及糖酸比.结果显示:3个甜角品种的果实较大,果肉含量较高;酸角和甜角总酸、总糖及主要矿质元素的含量较高,酸角总酸和总糖质量分数为11.6%和47.4%,甜角的总酸和总糖质量分数最低的为3.1%和57%,镁、铁、锌和钙的质量比分别都达到了22.8,1.3,0.28 mg/100 g和78.6 mg/100 g以上;酸角和甜角在维生素C、总糖、总酸的含量上差异明显.这些将为酸角和甜角的推广及加工利用提供科学依据.

Tamarindus indica Linn, an evergreen arbor, belongs to Caesalpiniaceaeas. Its fruit flesh can be used directly as a tropic fruit or processed into beverage and other products. There are two kinds of fruits, the sour and the sweet. An autochthonic sour variety and three sweet varieties introduced from Thailand were compared in morphology, the content of protein, total acid, total sugar, main mineral nutrition, main vitamin and sugar - acid ratio. The results showed a high level of protein content, acid content, sugar content, main mineral nutrition con- tent in Tamarindus indica Linn.. Total acid content and total sugar content of sour variety was 11.6% and 47.4%, and the minimum total acid content and total sugar content of sour variety is 3.1% and 57%. The mini- mum content of Mg,Fe,Mn and Cu was 22.8,1.3, 0.28 mg/100 g and 78.6 rag/100 g in Tamarindus indica Linn. There was significant difference in the sizes and components of pod, acid, sugar and vitamin C contents be- tween two types of varieties. The research provided scientific basis for processing and utilization of Tamarindus indica Linn.