南京地区居住建筑外窗夏季能耗分布的数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation of summer energy consumption distribution of residential building's external window in Nanjing area

南京地区居住建筑的开窗面积呈现逐渐变大趋势,对室内热环境和建筑能耗造成显著影响,以50％节能设计的居住建筑为研究对象,探索外窗能耗的分布特点十分必要.综合南京地区普通居住建筑的共性,选取了有代表性的3栋典型住宅作为基准建筑,采用数值模拟法分析了基准建筑外窗夏季能耗的分布比例.结果显示,南窗和北窗的辐射得热能耗是南京地区外窗夏季能耗的主要部分,两者之和约占外窗夏季能耗的80％～90％.因此,加强外窗遮阳,减少太阳辐射得热,是外窗节能设计的主要技术方向.

Windows＇ area of residential buildings in Nanjing shows a gradual trend of being enlarged,which has a significant impact on indoor thermal environment and building energy consumption;hence,it is necessary to study the characteristics of energy consumption distribution of outside window based on a typical residential building designed of 50％ energy-saving.Based on the commonalities of ordinary residential buildings in Nanjing area,this paper selects three typical residential buildings as the benchmark,analyzes the energy consumption ratio of exterior windows by virtue of numerical simulation.Results show that radiant heat consumption of the southern and northern windows occupy the majority,80％～90％ of the whole.Therefore,strengthening the external window shade to reduce solar radiation heat is the major technical direction of energy-saving design of outside window.