黑龙江三江国家级自然保护区西伯利亚狍冬季食性分析

Winter Diet Composition of Capreolus pygargus in Sanjiang National Nature Reserve,Heilongjiang Province,China

采用粪便显微分析法对2011年11～12月从三江国家级自然保护区内西伯利亚狍（Capreolus pygargus）活动区域中采集的16个粪便复合样本进行镜检，并采用频率转换法对数据进行处理，结果表明：三江国家级自然保护区冬季狍取食种类为10科16种（属），取食植物类别中，乔木植物所占比例最高，为68．97％，灌木为21．02％，草本为10．04％。肋（相对密度）〉1％的植物共有5种，其中，白桦（40．87％）、毛榛子（20．46％）、蒙古栎（18．27％）、江柳（11．47％）、黄豆秸秆（6．00％）占孢冬季植物总量的97．07％，为狍冬季的主要食物。取食食物各科中，桦木科所占比例最大，为58．60％，其次为壳斗科和杨柳科，分别为19．00％和12．39％。并计算得出食物多样性指数H’为-2．16，均匀性指数J’为-0．79，食物生态位宽度B值为5．13。

Sixteen roe deer faces and consultative plant were collected in the Sanjiang National Nature Reserve between November and December in 2011. The food composition was ditermined by microhisto- logical analysis of feces. The experimental microscopic observation showed that the plants consumed by roe deer living in the plain included 16 species plants from 10 families. Of the plants condumed, arboreal consitituted the highest proportion 68.97%, followed by shrubs 21.02% and herbaceous 10.04%. There were five plants of RD 〉 1%, including Betula platyphylla 40.87%, Corylus chinensis 20.46%, Quecus mongolica 18.27%, Salixmatsudana 11.47%, Glycine max 6.00%, which were the main food of roe deer in winter. Of the food consumed, Betulaceae accounted for the highest at 58.60%, followed by Fagaceae and Salicaceae at 19.00% and 12.39%. And the food diversity index H＇of roe deer in win- ter was calculated - 2.16, evenness index J＇ - 0.79 and the food niche width B 5.13.