论沈约的声律理论与“永明体”诗歌

On Shen Yue's Rhythm Theory and “Yongming-style” Poetry

沈约声律理论的核心内容为"四声八病"说,这一理论既从正面提出诗歌创作的声律主张,亦从反面指出创作中应力求避免的病犯,是一种提倡形式技巧的理论。在其指导下创作的"永明体"诗歌句数呈现出由多到少、由不定到统一的趋势,并出现大量平仄合律的句、联,形成最早的"对式"声律结构,在体制上向成熟的律诗靠拢,是诗歌律化进程中承上启下的重要诗体。

With“Four Tones and Eight Faults” being the core of its content ,Shen Yue’s rhythm theory puts forward some rhythm ideas about how to create poems and at the same time points out some faults which should be avoided in the poetic creation .Formal skills are advocated in the theory ,under the guidance of which the number of sentences in the Yongming-style poetry dis-plays a tendency of becoming less and unified .Besides ,lots of sentences and couplets with the rhythm of level and oblique tones came into being ,which formed the earliest “word matching”rhythm structure and tended to develop into mature rhythm poetry institutionally .So in the course of establishing rules and forms of poetry ,the Yongming-style poetry is the important poet-ry type which serves as a connecting link between the preceding and the following .