外来人士与清代三峡地区的教育发展——以夔州府为例

The Non-native Population and the Education Development in Three Gorges Area in Qing Dynasty: with Special Reference to Kuizhou City

由于各种综合因素的作用,清代三峡地区外来人士较前代更多,他们对清代三峡地区的教育有着不可磨灭的贡献。清前期"湖广填四川"的政策移民、外地官职人员以及侨寓等外来人士在三峡地区建书院、设私塾、义学,兴学传教;购书藏弆,宣讲劝善;修文庙、建塔阁,以培文风;鼓励子弟科举应考,科举登科人士增多;从此三峡地区文风蒸蒸日上,教育日益兴盛。

Due to various factors, there was more non-native population in Three Georges Area in Qing Dynasty than that of the previous dynasties. They had made a great contribution to the education of Three Gorges Area. The factors include：the immigration policies of“Fill in Sichuan Provinces with the Inhabitants of Hubei and Hunan Provinces” in early Qing Dynasty, the non-native officers and expatriates setting up old-style private schools and tuition-free schools, collecting books and preaching morality, building Confucian temples and tower pavilions to enliven education atmosphere, encouraging students to participate in the imperial examinations, and more people passing the civil examinations. Thus in Three Georges Area education was more valued and thriving.