喉罩在妇科短小手术麻醉中的应用

The Clinical Application of Laryngeal Mask in Gynaecology Anesthesia for Minor Operation

目的：通过将喉罩用于妇科患者短小手术，并与气管内插管全麻进行对比观察，以寻求更适合妇科患者短小手术的麻醉方法。方法：选择40例ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级妇科择期手术患者，按随机数字表法分为A组（喉罩法）、B组（气管内插管），每组20例。手术时间预计0.5-1.5 h。记录两组麻醉诱导前、诱导后即刻，置入器械即刻、拔器械后的BP、HR、SpO2、PETCO2，记录两组麻醉诱导用的肌松剂的剂量和术毕至清醒时间的指标；并记录两组术后有无不良反应。结果：两组在置入器械即刻、拔器械后，两组MAP、HR比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；两组SpO2、气道峰压值（Peak）、PETCO2比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）；两组麻醉用的肌松剂的剂量和术毕至清醒时间的指标比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；两组术后不良反应的发生率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：喉罩操作简单，患者围术期麻醉用药量少，血流动力学变化小，苏醒快，不良反应少，更适合于妇科患者下腹部短小手术。

Objective：To compare the anaesthetic effects between laryngeal masks and endotracheal intubation in minor operation in gynaecology so as to find out the optimum anaesthetic method. Method：40 patients with ASA Ⅰ- Ⅱwere divided equally for group A（laryngeal masks）and group B（endotracheal intubation）according to random number table method. The total operation time was 0.5-1.5 hours. BP,HR,SpO2,PETCO2 were recorded at both groups before induction of anesthesia,shortly after induction of anesthesia,posting instruments and after pulling out instruments. Dose of muscle relaxant and indicators from the end of operation to regain consciousness were recorded at both groups. Postoperative untoward reaction at both groups were also recorded. Result：The differences of MAP and HR（posting instruments and after pulling out instruments）between the two groups were significant（P〈0.05）;No significant differences on SpO2,airway peak pressure and PETCO2 at both groups（P〉0.05）;the differences of dose of muscle relaxant and indicators from the end of operation to regain consciousness as well as the occurrences of the postoperative untoward reaction were significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：Laryngeal mask is more suitable for minor operation in gynaecology for it’s easy operating,less dosage of perioperative anaesthetic,less change at hemodynamic,fast regain consciousness as well as less postoperative untoward reaction.