论劳丹的特设性理论观

On Laudan’s Views of Ad hoc Theories

拉雷·劳丹 (LarryLaudan ,194 1- )是当代美国最负盛名的科学哲学家之一。在成名作《进步及其问题》中 ,劳丹提出了一个以解题为核心的科学进步的合理性模式 ,并运用这一模式探讨了理论的特设性问题。劳丹对特设性的分析富有创意和启发性 ,但是 ,劳丹合理性模式的狭隘性 ,在一定程度上决定了其对特设性概念的分析是不够精确、不够全面的。本文尝试在劳丹模式的基础上引入新的分析机制 ,以便在经验的层面上进一步深入探讨特设性问题。

By the model of problem rationality, Laudan shows some original and enlightened analyses of Ad hoc theories. However, the parochiality and confinement of Laudan's model of problem rationality make his analyses of Ad hoc theories lack of accuracy and generality. This essay tries to set up a new analytic machinery, by which Ad hoc theories can be further discussed.