新中国陶瓷艺术体制的转变及创作主题——以方云峰为例

Transformation in Ceramic Business Ownership and Themes of Art after the Founding of the People's Republic of China: A Case Study of Fang Yunfeng

新中国成立以后,国家对景德镇的瓷业生产恢复作出了卓有成效的努力,一批在民国著名的陶瓷艺人在新的"国家体制"中发挥了重要作用。景德镇陶瓷职业教育家、彩绘艺术家方云峰,一方面继承了民国瓷绘艺术的优势题材,一方面又在此基础上大胆创新,开创了新时代向往和平、自由、图强、图新的新主题,表现了新国家的一种革新思想。日后的陶瓷艺人也日渐走出了民国时期依个人爱好及市场流行去选择主题的旧体制,开始转入了与集体、国家主流意识融为一体的集体计划指令的新体制,瓷绘艺人开始融入国家体制之中,这是几千年陶瓷艺术体制上一个前所未有的大变化、大革新,极大地影响了日后陶瓷艺人的创作心路历程及瓷艺的主题。

After the founding of the People＇s Republic of China,the govemment yielded very fruitful results in restoring ceramic production in Jingdezhen with a number of famous ceramic artists from the Republic of China playing important roles in the state-owned businesses.Among them is Fang Yunfeng,a ceramic educator and painter.He continued to depict positive art themes from the Republic period while in the mean time boldly created new themes reflecting the longing for peace,freedom,strength and new life,inspired by the innovative spirit of a brand new country.Later generations witnessed an unprecedented shift of their ceramic businesses from the old private sector of the Republic period by which an artist may choose an art theme to satisfy his personal interest or the market demand into a new state or collective-owned sector in which they gradually learned to conform to the mainstream consciousness of the nation.The collective mandatory planning under the new system greatly influenced their art creation and choice of themes..