从文字表记看中日外来语的异同

Similarities and Differences between Chinese and Japanese Loanwords from the Perspective of Characters

日语中存在大量外来语,相比之下,汉语中的外来语就相对较少。一般认为这是因为表音的片假名更加利于转写、吸收外来语,而表意的汉字比较排斥外来语。本文通过对比分析在表记外来语时汉字与片假名的特点,认为汉字的表意性虽然有其不利的一面,但也有其有利的一面,同时认为片假名也有一定的缺陷。

There are a large number of loan words in Japanese, but there are fewer loan words in Chinese. Generally we think that the reason is that katakana which is phonographic is more conducive to transfer and absorb the loan words, Hanzi which is ideographic repels the loan words. This paper analyses the characteristics of Hanzi and katakana when marking the loan words. And it tells us that the ideographic characteristics of Hanzi have their disadvantages, and also have many advantages. However, katakana also has its drawbacks.