人工诱导栉孔扇贝雌核发育胚胎的SNP标记分析

Genotyping Artificially Induced Gynogenetic Embryos of Zhikong Scallop(Chlamys farreri)with SNP Markers

利用紫外线照射灭活的同源精子，激活栉孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）卵子分裂，获得雌核发育胚胎，流式细胞仪检测胚胎细胞平均单倍体率为82．5％。对获得的胚胎进行全基因组扩增，获得足量的基因分型模板，利用高分辨率溶解曲线（HRM）技术对其进行96个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点分型。结果显示，诱导雌核发育胚胎的位点检出率为96．27％，其中99．06％的位点分型结果与相应雌性亲本相符；单个胚胎中只表现一种等位形式的位点占91．67％～96．88％，平均为94．81％，较雌性亲本的纯合位点比例（64．25％）明显提高。本研究利用灭活同源精子诱导获得栉孔扇贝雌核发育胚胎，并利用单个胚胎的全基因组扩增产物进行基因位点分析，为扇贝人工诱导雌核发育个体的早期多基因位点检测和评价提供参考。

Gynogenetic haploidy embryos of Zhikong scallop（Chlamys farreri）were reduced with ultraviolet （UV）-irradiated milt. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the mean percentage of haploidy embryos was 82.5G. The whole genome of induced embryos was amplified to provide enough DNA for single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）genotyping. A total of 96 loci were genotyped, of them, 96.27G met success. The genotype at 99.03% of these loci was consistent with that of the female parent. The ratio of monomorphic loci ranged from 91.67% to 96.88% with an average of 94. 81%, much higher than that （64. 25%） of the homozygous loci in the female parent. Our results will provide useful information for the genetic assessment of gynogenetic embryos of scallop.