廊坊市不同规模工业企业职业卫生管理现状调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of the current situation of occupation health management in different scale industrial enterprises in Langfang

目的探讨廊坊市不同规模工业企业职业卫生管理现状，分析存在的问题，为有关部门加强管理提供科学依据。方法对廊坊市5223家存在职业危害企业职业卫生管理状况进行调查，对反映职业卫生管理水平的11项相关制度实施状况按不同企业规模进行分类汇总，分别对不同规模企业每项制度实施率进行卡方检验，对调查及统计结果进行分析。结果廊坊市有职业危害企业5223家，接触职业危害劳动者有82942人，其中来自大、中、小型企业的分别为7323、13053、62566人，分别占8．8％、15．7％、75．4％；不同规模工业企业反映职业卫生管理工作水平的11项指标差异很大，大、中、小型企业各项指标数及百分数范围分别为4～5（26．7％～33．3％）、39～66（40．2％～68．0％）、147～875（2．9％～17．1％），所有企业总体为192～946（3．7％～18．1％）。不同规模工业企业的每项职业卫生制度的实施率差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论廊坊市不同规模工业企业职业卫生管理总体处于低水平状态，小型企业接害人数占大多数，但职业卫生管理工作最差，有关部门应加强对企业职业卫生管理工作的监管，以小企业为重点，采取有效措施提高廊坊市企业职业卫生管理工作水平，更好保护劳动者健康。

Objective To investigate the current occupational health management situation of different scale industrial en- terprises in Langfang, analyze the existing problems and provide scientific basis for the relevant departments to strengthen management. Methods 5 223 enterprises existed occupational hazards were investigated on occupation health manage- ment, the status of implementation on 11 occupation health management systems relating with occupation health manage- ment level from this enterprises were accumulated by enterprises scale, chi -square test were implemented to compare the rate of implementation of every occupation health management system from different scale enterprises. All the results from investigation and statistics were analyzed. Results There were 5 223 occupational hazard enterprises and 82 942 workers exposed to occupational harms in Langfang. The number of workers reached 62 566, 13 053 and 7 323 in the large, medi- um and small scale enterprises respectively, occupying for 8.8% , 15.7% and 75.4% , respectively. The 11 systems re- flecting occupational health management from different scale industrial enterprises presented a great difference, the number of each system and percentage range from big, middle, small - sized industrial enterprises were 4 - 5 （26. 7% - 33.3%）, 39 - 66 （40. 2% -68%）, 147 -875 （2. 9% -17.1%） respectively. All enterprises was 192 -946 （3.7% - 18. 1% ） grossly. The rate of implementation of every occupation health management system from different scale industrial enterprises all appeared a great statistics difference （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The occupational health manage- ment system is in the low level of different scale industrial enterprises in Langfang, workers affected by occupational hazard factors from small - sized enterprises account for the majority of all the occupational harm workers, and its occupational health management is the worst level. The relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of occupation health man- agement for the enterprises, especially the small - sized enterprises; The effective measures should be taken to improve oc-cupational health management in industrial enterprises to protect the health of workers better.