历史主义的兴起与自由主义民主的危机

The Rise of Historicism and the Crisis of Liberalism Democracy

自由主义民主是近代西方社会历史发展的产物,它的产生具有一定的合理性和历史性。由于西方传统的形而上学的思维方式,自由主义民主最终也未能避免走向普遍主义的命运。18世纪兴起的历史主义致力于打破僵硬的自然法传统,消解了自由主义的普遍性根基,并进一步造成了当代自由主义民主的危机。马克思主义的历史唯物主义是历史主义发展的最高阶段,它对自由民主的普遍主义进行了彻底的批判,强调了民主的具体性和历史性。

Liberalism democracy, the product of the historical development of modern western society, has certain rationality and historical significance, but it ultimately failed to avoid the fate of Universalism due to the meta- physical mode of thinking. Historicism in the 18th century contributed to the crisis of contemporary liberalism de- mocracy by breaking the rigid natural law tradition and the basis of Universalism. Marxist materialism is the high- est stage of historicism development conducting a thorough critique on liberalism democratic universalism and em- phasizing the specific and historical nature of democracy.