残疾学生羞耻感与体育锻炼的关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Sense of Shame of Disabled Student and their Physical Exercise

为了考察残疾学生体育锻炼与羞耻感的基本状况以及它们之间的关系,采用整群随机抽样的方法,在山东省特殊教育中专学校选取了800名残疾学生,运用中学生羞耻感量表等测量工具,进行了问卷调查。结果表明:1)残疾学生的体育锻炼量远远低于普通学生,他们比普通学生有更高的羞耻体验。2)残疾学生参加体育锻炼的情景对羞耻感总分及除个性羞耻外的3个维度的影响具有统计学意义。3)体育锻炼的情景和锻炼态度对羞耻感的影响存在交互作用,这2个因素共同对羞耻感产生具有统计学意义的影响。4)体育锻炼量不同的残疾学生的羞耻感及其4个维度上的羞耻体验并不一致,但可以初步推断中、小锻炼量有利于缓解残疾学生羞耻感。结论:体育锻炼情景和锻炼态度对羞耻感的影响存在交互作用。小锻炼量组和中锻炼量组残疾学生的个性羞耻体验要显著低于大锻炼量组,残疾学生体育锻炼对其羞耻感的影响可能与他们自我效能感的变化有关系。

This paper aims to explore the relationship between sense of shame disabled student and his physical exercise. Using cluster sampling which surveyed 800 disabled students from Shandong Vocational School of Special Education with Scale on Middle School Students＇ Sense of Shame as its major instrument. Results ： （ 1 ） The amount of physical exercise of disabled student was much less than normal student and the former have a stronger sense of shame. （2） There was statistical significance when considering the scene, where disabled student participate phys- ical exercise, with its influence on total score of sense of shame and three dimensions which personal shame as an exception. （3） The reciprocation lies in scene and attitude of physical exercise and the two elements have statisti- cally significance influence on the production of sense of shame. （4） There was mixed and inconsistent shame ex- perience when disabled students with different amounts of physical exercise and other four dimensions. But it could be preliminary deduced that small or medium amount of physical exercise is good for mitigate sense of shame of disabled student. Conclusion ： Scene and attitude of physical exercise have reciprocal effect upon sense of shame of disabled student. Compared with the large amount of exercise group, the small and medium amount of exercise groups have significantly less shame experience. The effect degree of physical exercise upon disabled student＇s sense of shame may relate to the change of their sense of self-efficacy.