亚麻油替代鱼油对鲤鱼生长性能、肝胰脏脂质代谢及抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Replacement of Fish Oil by Linseed Oil on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Ability in Hepatopancreas of Common Carp( Cyprinus carpio)

在一种实用饲料配方的基础上,用亚麻油分别替代0(对照组)、25%、50%、75%、100%)的鱼油配制成5种等氮等能(粗蛋白质含量为35%,总能为15 MJ/kg)的试验饲料,在室内循环养殖系统中饲喂5组鲤鱼[初重(5.81±0.23)g]8周,以研究亚麻油替代不同水平鱼油对鲤鱼生长性能、体组成、肝胰脏脂质代谢和抗氧化指标的影响。结果表明:随着亚麻油替代鱼油水平的升高,鲤鱼的特定生长率(SGR)呈现先升高后降低的趋势,以25%组最高,显著高于75%和100%组(P<0.05);而饲料系数(FCR)则表现出相反的变化趋势,以25%组最低,显著低于100%组(P<0.05)。蛋白质效率(PER)和成活率(SR)在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。对照组全鱼粗蛋白质含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),而粗脂肪含量则显著低于除25%组外的其他各组(P<0.05)。亚麻油替代不同水平鱼油对全鱼干物质和粗灰分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。随着亚麻油替代鱼油水平的升高,肝胰脏脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)逐渐降低,而肝胰脏苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性则逐渐升高,但对照组与25%组均无显著差异(P<0.05)。各组肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,亚麻油替代不同水平鱼油对鲤鱼的生长性能、肝胰脏脂质代谢和抗氧化能力产生的影响不同。以亚麻油替代25%鱼油时鲤鱼的生长效果最好,而完全替代鱼油会阻碍鲤鱼的生长,并危及肝胰脏的健康。

In order to study the effects of replacement of different levels of fish oil by linsee d oil on growth performance, body composition and indices of lipid metabolism and antioxidant in hepatopancreas of common carp, five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets （ crude protein content was 35%, and gross ener-gy was 15 MJ/kg） were formulated by replacing 0 （ control group） , 25%, 50%, 75%and 100% fish meal with linseed oil on bsa is of a practical diet, respectively.Common carp with the initial body weight of （5.81 ±0.03） g in five groups were fed five experimental diets for 8 weeks in the room circulation farming system.The results showed as follows： with the increase of linseed oil to replace fish oil level, the specific growth rate （ SGR） of carp showed a trend of first increase and then decrease, while the feed conversion ratio （ FCR） was just the opposite.The highest SGR was found in 25%group, and significantly higher than that in 75% and 100% groups （P〈0.05）; the lowest FCR was found in 25% group, and significantly lower than that in 100% group （P〈0.05）.No significant differences were found among all groups in protein efficiency ratio （ PER） and survival rate （ SR） （ P〉0 .05 ） .The whole fish crude protein content in control group was significantly higher than that in other groups （ P〈0 .05 ） , while the crude fat content was significantly lower than that in other groups except 25% group （ P 〈0.05 ） .No significant differences were found among all groups in whole fish ash and moisture contents （ P〉0 .05 ） .With the increase of linseed oil to replace fish oil level, the hepatopancreas lipoprotein lipase （ LPL ） activity and total anti-oxidant capability （ T-AOC ） were gradually reduced and the hepatopancreas malate dehydrogenase （ MDH） activity was gradually increased, but no significant differences were found in those indices between control group and 25%group （P〉0.05）.Re-placement of different levels of fish oil by linseed oil had no significant effect on hepatopancreas superoxide dis-mutase （SOD） activity （P〉0.05）.Thus, replacement of different levels of fish oil by linseed oil have dif-ferent effects on growth performance, lipid metabolism and antioxidant ability in hepatopancreas of common carp.Replacement of 25%fish oil by linseed oil, the growth of common carp shows the best effect;total re-placement of fish oil by linseed oil can hinder the growth of common carp, and endanger the health of hepato-pancreas.