南方某市2012年市售大米镉污染状况及膳食暴露评估

Analysis on cadmium contamination in rice and assessment of dietary exposure of residents in a southern city in 2012

目的了解南方某市市场大米中镉污染状况,评价居民食用大米摄入镉情况。方法随机采集该市各区县超市和农贸市场出售的大米,用石墨炉原子吸收法检测镉含量;用人均月摄入大米量和平均体重估算米镉月摄入量占暂定每月允许摄入量(PTMI)的比重。结果 100份大米中,镉含量均值为0.19mg/kg,超标率46.0%;地产大米镉含量和超标率最高(P50=0.23,P90=0.35mg/kg,61.4%);外省产最低(P50=0.13,P90=0.22mg/kg,16.1%)。估算居民每月通过大米摄入镉为19.9μg/kg·BW。结论该市市售大米镉污染较普遍,镉含量偏高,应加强监测,控制污染。

Objective To investigate cadmium contamination in rice form markets in a southern city and evaluate dietary exposure of the residents. Methods The rice samples were collected randomly in supermarkets and farmers markets form the counties in the city and analyzed by GFAAS method, estimated the proportion of intake exposure with the amount, that is, the intake of residents each month in Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake （PTMI）. Results The mean cadmium level was 0.19 mg/kg in 100 rice samples, and the excessive rate was 46.0%. And the highest was in the rice from the city （P50=0.23, P90=0.35 mg/kg,61.4%） ,the lowest in the other provinces （P50=0.13, P90= 0.22 mg/kg, 16.1%）. The amount of intake exposure of cadmium from rice for the residents was 19.9μg/kg BW per month. Conclusion The contamination of cadmium in rice was widely in the southern city, and the contamination was at high level. The surveillance and control should be strengthen in the city.