光照对刺参幼体存活、生长、发育和附着变态的影响

The Effects of Light Intensity and Photoperiod on the Growth,Survival,Development and Metamorphosis of Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)Larvae

本实验研究了不同光照强度(0lx、50lx、500lx和2000lx)和不同光照周期(24L:0D、14L:10D、10L:14D和0L:24D)对刺参(Apostichopus ja ponicus)浮游幼体存活、生长、发育及附着变态的影响。结果表明:(1)光照强度和光照周期显著影响刺参幼体的生长(P<0.05),幼体在不同光照强度下生长速度的高低顺序为:500lx>50lx>2000lx>0lx,不同光照周期下生长速度的高低顺序为:14L:10D>10L:14D>24L:0D>0L:24D。(2)不同光照强度下,幼体的存活率随光照强度的升高而增大;0L:24D光周期下的幼体存活率显著低于其余3个光周期处理(P<0.05)。(3)4种光照强度下,500lx处理组的幼体发育最快,9d时樽形幼体的发生率为30.9%,0lx处理组樽形幼体的发生率仅为5.2%,且致畸率高达17.7%,显著高于其他光照强度处理(P<0.05);4种光照周期下,10L:14D光照周期下的幼体发育最快,9d时樽形幼体的发生率为34.8%,显著高于其余光周期处理组(P<0.05)。(4)幼体在不同光照强度和光照周期下变态率的大小顺序分别为:50lx>500lx>2000lx>0lx,10L:14D>14L:10D>24L:0D>0L:24D,光照强度与光照周期均显著影响幼体的变态(P<0.05)。可见,提供一定的光照对刺参浮游幼体的生长发育更为有利。

The effects of different light intensities （01x, 501x, 5001x, and 20001x） and photoperiods （24L ： 0D, 14L ： 10D, 1OL ： 14D, and OL ： 24D） on larvae growth, survival rate, development and metamorphosis of Apostichopus japonicus were studied. The results showed： （1） The larvae growth was significantly affected by light intensities and photoperiods （P〈0.05）. The growth rates （GR） under different light intensities and photoperiods were as followed：5001x）501x）20001x^01x, 14L ： 10D ~10L ： 14D^24L ： 0D^0L ： 24D, respectively. （2）The larvae survival rate （SR） increased with the increase of light intensity. The larvae SR in 0L ： 24D treatment was the lowest among all the photope- riod treatments （P%0.05）. （3）In the 9th day, the percentage of doliolaria larvae in 5001x treatment was 30.9~, while the percentage in 01x treatment was 5.20//00, and the 01x treatment also had the highest abnormality rate （17.7O//oo）. The percentage of doliolaria larvae in 10L ： 14D treatment was 34. 8a/＇00, which was significantly higher than those in other photoperiod treatments （P%0.05）. （4）The metamorphosis rates under different light intensities and photoperiods were as followed. 501x^5001x~〉20001x^01x, 10L： 14D〉14L ： 10D〉24L ： 0D〉0L ＂ 24D, respectively. The larvae metamorphosis was affected significantly by light intensities and photoperiods （P〈0.05）. Accordingly, appropriate light is more favorable to the growth and development of the of Apostichopus japonicus larvae.