锶盐预防创伤性股骨头坏死塌陷作用的初步研究

Effect of strontium in preventing femoral head collapse in traumatic osteonecrosis

[目的]观察氯化锶用于预防股骨头坏死塌陷的作用效果及作用机制。[方法]雄性SD大鼠24只,分为3组:假手术组,安慰剂组和氯化锶治疗组。假手术组为正常对照组,安慰剂组在建立股骨头坏死模型后给予生理盐水治疗,氯化锶治疗组在建立股骨头坏死模型后给予氯化锶治疗。术后5周处死,取术侧股骨分别行X线片、Micro-CT和组织学检查。[结果]X线片检查显示股骨头高度与宽度比值安慰剂组<氯化锶治疗组<假手术组,且两两比较均有统计学差异。Micro-CT检查比较三组间股骨头的体积、股骨头内骨量、股骨头骨矿盐含量治疗组和假手术组相比无统计学差异,但都大于安慰剂组。组织学检查显示氯化锶治疗组股骨头内存在坏死骨,与安慰剂组相比,破骨细胞活动减低,而成骨细胞以及血管新生均较活跃。[结论]锶盐可以实现促进成骨和抑制破骨的双重调节,在大鼠创伤性骨坏死模型中具有一定程度预防股骨头坏死塌陷的作用。

[ Objective] To observe the effect of strontium and understand the mechanism underlying prevention of collapse of the femoral head in a traumatic osteonecrosis model in rats. [ Method ] Traumatic osteonecrosis was surgically induced in Sprague - Dawley rats. The rats were classified into three groups ： normal rats, rats treated with saline solution, and rats treated with strontium. The rats were killed 5 weeks after the surgery. Analysis using radiography, micro computed tomography （ micro - CT） ,histological assessment,and immunohistoehemistry were performed. [ Result] On radiographic assessment, preservation of the femoral head shape was better in the group treated with strontium than in the group treated with saline, but worse than that in the normal group. Micro - CT assessment showed higher total volume, bone volume, and total mineralized content in the group treated with zoledronate than in the group treated with saline, but no significant difference was observed in rats of the normal group. Histological assessment showed lower osteoclast and osteoblast activity in the group treated with strontium than in the group treated with saline. [ Conclusion]In the traumatic osteonecrosis model in rats, strontium decreased the femoral head de- formity by reducing osteoclast activity while stimulating the formation of new bones and vessels, therefore,it has the potential to prevent the collapse of the femoral head.