加强森林经营,实现森林保护与木材供应双赢

Achieving Win-Win Situation in Forest Conservation and Timber Supply through Enhanced Forest Management

中国森林目前面临木材自给和生态安全的严重挑战.我国用1.2×108 hm2耕地养活了13亿人口,能否用2×108 hm2森林提供13亿人的用材,实现木材基本自给和森林保护的"双赢"?本文在分析我国林业的基本形势和实现木材自给必要性的基础上,从生产潜力和技术方面论证了实现木材自给和生态服务双赢的可能性.认为只要坚持以"森林经营"为核心,以培育稳定健康的森林生态系统为目标,以模拟森林的自然过程为手段重建森林生态系统,科学编制和执行森林经营规划,并加强林区基础建设和完善相应的林业政策,中国完全有可能实现生态保护与木材自给的"双赢".

Chinese forestry is facing double and serious challenges of self-sufficient timber supply and ecological security. The nation is able to feed 1.3 billion people with 1.2×10^8hm2 of arable land. Now the questions are if its 2×10^8hm2 of forest is sufficient to supply the timber for the population, and how to achieve a win-win situation for nearly self-sufficiency in timber supply and ecological security？ In this paper, we outline the basic situations of China＇s forestry and discuss the necessity of self-sufficient timber supply. We have demonstrated that the feasibility to achieve both self-sufficient timber supply and ecological services based on analysis of production potential and technology applications. We show that it is completely possible to achieve self-sufficient timber supply and ecological conservation in China by combining a few strategies together. These include forest restoration by mimicking the natural process to establish stable and healthy forest ecosystems centered on forestry management, scientific preparation and implementation of forest management plans, and improvement of infrastructure in forest areas and relevant forestry policies.