页岩孔隙结构对甲烷吸附能力的影响

Effect of pore structure on methane sorption capacity of shales

以中扬子西部下古生界海相页岩和中生界陆相页岩为对象,通过场发射扫描电镜、氮气吸附和高压甲烷等温吸附等实验测试,探讨页岩孔隙结构特征对甲烷吸附能力的影响。高演化程度的古生界海相富有机质页岩储集层中发育大量有机质孔隙(孔径多小于50 nm),页岩比表面和甲烷吸附量随有机碳含量的增加而增大,说明有机质孔隙是控制高丰度页岩甲烷吸附能力的最主要因素。由于有机碳含量低和热演化程度低,低丰度海相页岩和陆相页岩中有机质孔隙发育程度有限,页岩储集空间主要由30 nm^4.5μm孔径的无机孔隙构成,黏土矿物孔隙为甲烷吸附提供了更多的比表面,成为影响其甲烷吸附能力的重要因素。随着成熟度增加,页岩储集层的主要孔隙网络系统由无机孔隙向有机质孔隙转变,有利于提高页岩吸附能力。

Samples from the lower Paleozoic marine shale and Mesozoic continental shale in the west of middle Yangtze region were taken to investigate the effect of pore structure characteristics on the methane sorption of shale using field emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM）, low pressure N2 isotherm analysis and high pressure methane sorption analysis. A mass of organic matter pores （mostly with pore diameter less than 50 nm） have been found in the high thermal evolution marine shale rich in organic matter. The positive correlation between TOC, N2 BET surface areas and sorption capacity in shale indicate that micro-porosity associated with organic matter is the key factor controlling methane sorption capacity of high thermal maturity shale rich in organic matter. The development of organic matter pores was limited in the organically lean marine shale and continental shale due to the lower TOC content and lower thermal maturity respectively, and their reservoir space is composed of inorganic matter pores in 30 nm to 4.5 ~ diameter. Providing bigger specific surface area for methane sorption, the pores within or between clay particles is an important factor to affect methane sorption capacity. With the increase of thermal maturity, the major pore system of shale reservoir changes from inorganic matter pores to organic matter pores, favorable for the improvement of methane sorption capacity of shale.