四种重金属在金针菇栽培过程中的迁移规律

Migration of four heavy metals in cultivation process of Flammulina velutipes

为了掌握铅、镉、砷、汞4种有害重金属元素在金针菇栽培过程中的富集和迁移,为金针菇产品质量控制提供依据。采用在培养料中添加一定量的铅、镉、汞、砷栽培金针菇,测定其在各栽培阶段培养料、金针菇子实体中的含量。结果表明,在试验的浓度范围内,金针菇子实体中4种重金属的含量随着培养料中添加量的增加而增加,说明金针菇子实体中4种重金属主要是来源于培养料,但金针菇子实体对不同重金属的吸收富集能力不同,对汞的吸收富集能力最强,富集系数最高达到7.590,富集能力大小依次为汞>镉>砷>铅。

In order to control the quality of mushroom product, the enrichments and migration patterns of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury in the cultivation process of Flammulina velutipe were investigated. F. velutipes was grown under heavy metal stress by adding different concentration of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury into the media, and the content of the four metals in the media and the fruiting bodies of F. velutipes in cultivation process were detected. Results showed that content of the four metals in fruiting bodies of F. velutipes increased with the increament of heavy metal content in the culture media, indicating that the four heavy metals in fruiting bodies were mainly derived from the media. However, the absorbing and enriching capabilities of fruiting bodies of F. velutipes to the four heavy metals were different. The accumulation coefficient of F. velutipes to mercury was the highest, up to 7.590. Enrichment capacities of F. velutipes to four metals were arranged in order of mercury 〉 cadmium 〉 arsenic 〉lead.