合金元素对铝合金箔抗腐蚀性能的影响

Influence of Alloying Elements on Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Alloy Foils

为了制备具有良好抗腐蚀性能的铝合金抑爆材料,合成了4种含有不同合金元素的铝合金箔。采用化学腐蚀实验研究了4种铝合金箔在盐酸溶液中的腐蚀性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了腐蚀前后的表面结构变化。通过失重法测定了铝合金箔在酸溶液中的腐蚀速率,结合极化曲线测定结果,系统分析了合金元素对铝合金抗腐蚀性能的影响。分析结果表明,在评定铝合金箔的腐蚀速率时,化学腐蚀实验和动电位极化曲线测试具有较好的一致性。过渡元素在合金中形成不同的耐蚀相,可以有效提高铝合金箔的抗腐蚀性能。在实验结果的基础上初步探讨了合金元素对铝合金抗腐蚀性能的影响机制。通过综合分析得到优化后的合金元素添加量(质量分数)为1.15%Mn,0.30%Si,0.46%Fe,0.16%Cu,0.05%Zn,0.05%Ti,0.05%Cr,该组分的铝合金箔在酸性溶液中具有较好的抗腐蚀性,有望制备具有更好抗腐蚀性能的铝合金抑爆材料。

In order to prepare aluminum alloy explosion suppression materials with good corrosion resistance, four kinds of aluminum alloy foil with different components were synthesized. The corrosion behaviors and surface corrosion morphologies of the aluminum al- loys foils in HC1 solution were determined by chemical corrosion tests and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The corrosion rates were determined by weight loss method, the potentiodynamic polarization curve parameters were analyzed, and the influences of alloying elements on the corrosion resistance properties of aluminum alloy foils were systematically analyzed. The results showed that corrosion tests and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were in accordance with each other when evaluating the corrosion rate of aluminum alloy foils. The transition elements could improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy foils effectively by forming different strengthe- ning phases. The influence mechanism of alloying elements on corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy was discussed. Comprehensive anal- ysis showed that the aluminum alloy foil with 1.15% Mn, 0.30% Si, 0.46% Fe, 0.16% Cu, 0.05% Zn, 0.05% Ti, 0.05% Cr （mass fraction） displaying a better general corrosion resistance in acidic conditions, could be used as explosion suppression material.