脑脊液途径移植神经干细胞治疗中枢神经系统疾病的研究现状

Neural stem cell transplantation for central nervous system diseases via the cerebrospinal fluid

背景:目前报道的用于神经干细胞移植的途径主要有经局部病变部位途径、经血液循环途径及经脑脊液循环途径3种。目的:综述经脑脊液途径移植神经干细胞或神经前体细胞的方式及其在治疗中枢神经系统疾病中的应用。方法:检索Pubmed数据库和CHKD全文数据库2000至2009年相关文献,叙述脑脊液途径移植神经干细胞的方法、在动物实验和临床方面治疗中枢神经系统疾病的应用及治疗机制。结果与结论:脑脊液适宜神经干细胞的存活、增殖、分化,经脑脊液途径移植神经干细胞治疗中枢神经系统疾病是一种有效可行的方法。但因神经干细胞的来源问题及治疗的机制、最佳时间窗和数量、安全性等诸多问题,仍需更深更广的研究,从而为蛛网膜下腔注射神经干细胞治疗中枢神经系统疾病奠定坚实的基础。

BACKGROUND：Currently, neural stem celltransplantation can be performed through three main approaches：local lesions, blood circulation, and cerebrospinal fluid. OBJECTIVE：To review the transplantation of neural stem cells or neural precursor cells via the cerebrospinal fluid in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. METHODS：A computer-based search of PubMed and CHKD databases was performed to retrieve articles concerning transplantation of neural stem cells via the cerebrospinal fluid, and its application and therapeutic mechanism in the treatment of central nervous system diseases in both animal experiment and clinic study published from 2000 to 2009. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：It is suitable for neural stem cellsurvival, proliferation, and differentiation in the cerebrospinal fluid. Transplantation of neural stem cells via the cerebrospinal fluid is effective and feasible to treat central nervous system diseases. However, some problems have not been solved, such as the source of neural stem cells, the optimal time window and celldose, the safety and the long-term effect. Further studies are needed to pave the way for the intrathecal injection of neural stem cells in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.