北宋东京街巷的空间特性

The Spatial Characteristics of Streets in Kaifeng,the Capital of the Northern Song Dynasty

北宋时期的东京街巷呈现出强烈的空间特性。相对于唐代,宋人对于里坊的概念变得漠然,而更多地以街巷的名称来标示地理位置;同时,东京的街巷呈现出前所未有的商业性,具备了更强的经济活力。相对于地方州县,东京的街巷具有更突出的公共属性,是社会各个阶层所共享的城市空间。作为京城的开封,其街巷空间的设施景观、活动人群及内容,均呈现出更为鲜明的等级色彩。

The streets in Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, were typical of spatial characteristics. Compared with those in the Tang Dynasty, the people in the Song Dynasty became indifferent to the concept of Fang （坊, lane） , and marked the location by street names more frequently. At the same time, the streets became unprecedentedly commercially-oriented and economically vigorous. Unlike that in the prefectures and counties, the space of the streets in Kaifeng had more prominent public features, and was shared by the city dwellers from various social classes. The facilities, landscapes, inhabitants and their activities in the street space of Kaifeng as the capital city, showed more distinctive characteristics of different social classes.