温州市区5岁儿童乳牙患龋状况及危险因素分析

The prevalence and dangerous factors of early childhood caries(ECC) among 5-year-old children in Wenzhou

目的:了解温州市5岁儿童乳牙龋流行情况并对其危险因素进行分析,为开展低龄儿童龋病预防保健提供科学依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样的方法,对温州市6所幼儿园693名5岁儿童进行调查,由1名口腔医生参照WHO龋病诊断标准进行龋齿检查,并对儿童家长进行问卷调查,应用卡方检验筛选出乳牙龋病易感者的相关因素,进行logistic回归分析。结果:在693名受检儿童中,乳牙患龋率为72.72%,龋充填率为14.88%,龋均为4.35±4.37,龋面均为10.75±13.30。单因素分析结果显示:家庭经济收入、父母的口腔保健意识和行为、进甜食频率、睡前进食和含奶瓶睡觉与乳牙龋的发病相关(P<0.05)。最终进入logistic回归模型的因素为进甜食频率、睡前进食、父母的口腔保健意识和行为以及含奶瓶睡觉。结论:温州市5岁儿童乳牙患龋状况较为严重,建议从限制糖的摄入频率、培养良好口腔卫生习惯和提高家长的口腔保健意识等方面入手,预防乳牙龋的发生。

Objective： To investigate the prevalence and dangerous factors of early childhood caries （ECC）among 5-year-old children in Wenzhou, and provide the scientific foundation for preventing deciduous dental caries. Methods： The sampling method was cluster and random in this study. A total of 693 children aged 5 were selected in the survey, caries check was carded out by a dentist reference WHO caries disease diagnosis criteria, and the questionnaire were completed by the parents. The related factors of dental ECC was analyzed by chi- square test and logistic regression. Results： The prevalence of ECC was 72.72%, and the fdling rate was only 14.88%. The mean dmft and dmfs were 4.35 and 10.75 respectively. The key factors for ECC included： family economic income, oral health knowledge of parents, frequency of consumption of sweets, eating before sleep, sleeping with feeding-bottle and Whether parents supervised or helped to brush or not. Backwards logistic regression was performed, variables remained in the final model were： frequency of consumption of sweets, eating before sleep, parents＇ supervising or helping brush or not, sleeping with feeding-bottle or not and oral health knowledge of parents. Conclusion： The prevalence of ECC is high among 5 years old children in Wenzhou. To strength parents＇ oral health knowledge, limiting amount of eating sugar, and culturing scientific oral hygiene habits are very impor- tant for preventing ECC.