不同品种马铃薯茎尖脱毒培养方法优化技术研究

Optimization of Meristem Culture for Elimination of Viruses in Different Varieties

[目的]通过对大西洋、夏波蒂、陇薯三号和中联红四个马铃薯品种茎尖成苗培养基和茎尖剥取方式的研究,分别筛选出适宜这四个品种茎尖成苗的培养基和剥取方式,为适宜新疆栽培的马铃薯品种脱毒研究提供理论依据.[方法]试验以大西洋、夏波蒂、陇薯三号和中联红四个品种为材料,研究不同培养基及茎尖大小对各品种茎尖培养成苗率及脱毒率的影响.[结果]（1）MS培养基中加入0.2 mg/L NAA的培养基有助于中联红茎尖分生组织分化成苗,加入0.15 mg/L NAA和0.05 mg/L 6-BA的培养基有助于大西洋、夏波蒂和陇薯三号茎尖分生组织分化成苗;（2）叶原基为1～2时夏波蒂、陇薯三号和中联红脱毒效果较好,叶原基数为2时大西洋因拥有较高的成苗率而获得较好的脱毒效果.[结论]适宜不同马铃薯品种茎尖成苗的培养基不同,剥取方式也有所不同.

[Objective] Through the study of the Atlantic,Shepody,Gansu potato Ⅲ and red Vanda Ⅳvarieties of potato seedling shoot tip culture and way of stripping shoot tips,this project aims to screen out suitable medium seedling shoot tips and stripping way for these four varieties,which might provide theoretical basis for potato varieties detoxification study that are suitable to be planted in Xinjiang.[Method] Potato cultivars：Atlantic,shepody,Longshu Ⅲ and Zhonglianhong were used in this experiment to study the effects on survival rate of meristem size and virus-free rate in miristem culture.[Result]The results showed that supplementation of NAA 0.2 mg/L to MS promoted the sprouting percentage of Zhonglianhong; Supplementation of NAA 0.15mg/L and 6-BA 0.05 mg/L to MS had a higher sprouting percentage on Atlantic Shepody and Longshu Ⅲ; The stem apex of Atlantic Shepody and Zhonglianhong with one to two leaf primordium had better detoxification rate; the Atlantic with two leaf primordium had better detoxification rate because of the higher survival rate than that with one leaf primordium.[Conclusion] For different varities of potatoes,different culture media should be adopted,which is also true of stripping fetch ways