安徽电网职工1098例甲状腺结节的回顾性调查研究

目的：探讨安徽电网职工甲状腺结节的患病率、危险因素及其对甲状腺功能的影响。方法对5158例健康体检者，做甲状腺彩超检查，并行空腹血糖、血脂、血尿酸及甲状腺功能测定。根据甲状腺结节的有无，分为正常组和结节组。对两组的相关资料进行统计分析。结果甲状腺结节总患病率21.3%（1098/5158），女性患病率32.8%高于男性患病率15.9%，随着年龄的增长甲状腺结节患病率增高（P＜0.01）。正常组和甲状腺结节组的高尿酸血症、高胆固醇血症、低HDL-C血症的患病率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但甲状腺结节组的高血糖、高T3、T4血症、低TSH血症患病率高于正常组（P＜0.01）。危险度估计的χ2检验表明高血糖可作为发生甲状腺结节的一个危险因素（ OR＝1.487，95%的CI为1.256～1.761）；甲状腺结节是高T3、高T4、低TSH血症的一个危险因素（ OR值分别为13.665、3.586、2.817，95%的CI分别为10.172～18.359、2.395～5.372、1.475～5.380）。结论甲状腺结节的发生与年龄、性别、高血糖有关；甲状腺结节可影响甲状腺功能。

Objective To probe into the prevalence rate, the related risk factors of thyroid nodules among workers in Anhui Grid Corpora- tion and its influence on the thyroid function.Methods 5 158 workers in physical examination were examined by color ultrasound scanning of thyroid glands.Fasting blood glucose, blood fat, blood uric acid, and thyroid function were measured. 5 158 workers were divided into two groups of normal group and nodule group according to the results with or without nodules.The related data of the two groups were statisti- cally analyzed.Results The total prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was 21.3%（1 098/5 158）.The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was higher in female（32.8%） than in male（15.9%）,and the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule increased with age（P〈0.01）.The prevalence rate differences between the normal group and the nodule group in hyperurieemia, hypercholesteremia, and low HDL-C mass blood were not of statistical significance（P〉0.05）.The prevalence rates of hyperglycemia, hyperthyroxinemia of T3 and T4, and low TSH mass blood in the nodule group were higher than those in the normal group （P 〈 0.01）.Chi-square test with odds ratio value indicated that hyperglycemia was an independent risk factor of the thyroid nodule（OR- 1.487,95%CI was 1.256 - 1.761）.The thyroid nodule was a risk factor of hyperthy- roxinemia of T3 and T4,and low TSH mass blood （OR was respectively 13.665,3.586,2.817;95% CI was respectively 10.172 18.359,2.395 - 5.372,1.475 - 5.380）.Conclusion The occurrence of thyroid nodule was related to age, sex and hyperglycemia,which can affect thyroid function.