内蒙古干旱监测评估方法综合应用研究

Application and evaluation of integrated drought monitoring method to Inner Mongolia

在内蒙古土壤墒情和干旱监测评估服务中,通过土壤含水量地面观测与卫星遥感监测的有机结合,达到优势互补,使内蒙古的干旱服务工作达到准确及时。利用土壤相对湿度划分干旱等级,方法简单精确,容易业务化;卫星遥感监测在春季（6月1日以前）采用热惯量法,夏季（6~8月）利用植被指数法,秋季以地面监测服务为主。另外,卫星遥感受监测时间和植物生长特性的影响,监测结论难免出现滞后,尤其对干旱初期的判断就更加模糊,卫星遥感监测更适合在连续大旱的情况下对干旱的动态进行监测评估服务。

For soil moisture and drought monitoring and evaluation services in Inner Mongolia,the organic combination of soil moisture of ground-based observations and satellite remote sensing can get a goal of complement of each other,so that drought service can be accurate and timely.When applying of satellite remote sensing method to monitored the drought,we should use the thermal inertia in the spring（before June 1）,the vegetation index in summer（July to August）;ground-based monitoring should be used in autumn.In addition,due to the satellite remote sensing monitoring is affect by the monitoring time and the growth characteristics of plants,so the monitoring results will inevitably exist hysteresis effect,particularly for judgeing the earlydrought it is more vague,Satellite remote sensing is more suitable for the case of continuous drought in the dynamic drought monitoring and evaluation services.