朱元璋与祥瑞——论封建帝王的忧患意识

Zhu Yuanzhang and Auspicious Signs——On Feudal Emperors' Awareness of Unexpected Development

研究了《明太祖宝训》,认为朱元璋对祥瑞的态度非常客观理性,不仅对获取政权后没有沾沾自喜,还流露出强烈的忧患意识,将百姓的幸福视为真正的国之祥瑞,展现了一贯的民本情结;该书文中言词恳切,措辞强硬,虽可能经过润饰,但不太像一般儒臣的手笔,这大大增加了这些言论的可信度,至少表明了朱元璋本人的相对真实的思想和理念;对比后世明代帝王官修史书,《明太祖宝训》的忧患意识最为明晰强烈。

Sermon of Zhu Yuanzhang is studied. It is considered that, instead of being complacent, after getting regime Zhu Yuanzhang＇s attitudes toward the auspicious signs were very objective and rational, and he also showed strong awareness of unexpected development. He regarded the wellbeing of people as genuine auspicious signs for the nation, revealing his constant complex of people first. Although it might be retouched, but not quite like written by general Confucians, which greatly increased the credibility of these statements, at least show the emperor＇s relatively realistic ideas and concepts. Compared to Ming Dynasty emperors and later official revised history books, this book had the most strong awareness of sufferings.