《左传》中春秋贵族的丧葬礼仪浅析

An Analysis of the Funeral Etiquette of the Noblemen in the Spring and Autumn Period in Zuo Zhuan

我国丧葬的主要特点是厚葬、隆祭、久祀。在古人的观念中,丧葬不是单纯地安葬死者,它直接影响到社会的伦理规范及政治秩序。随着时间的推移和统治者的需要,这种丧葬之礼变得日趋繁文缛节,透过《左传》春秋贵族的丧葬礼仪可见一斑。这些记载,不仅再现了春秋贵族的崇隆威仪,也折射出了隐于丧俗中事死如事生、儒家的伦理色彩、等级观念、家族制度等礼制文化。所以,丧葬制度有着广泛的社会基础。

The principal features of Chinese funeral affairs are elaborate funeral, grand sacrifice and long time sacrifice. In the concept of the ancient people, the funeral was not merely about burying the dead, but also had direct influence on social moral principles and political order. With the lapse of time and for the needs of the ruler, the funeral ceremonies tended to be increasingly complex, which can be found in Zuo Zhuan where the funerals of the noblemen in the Spring and Autumn Period were depicted. These accounts not only reflect the impressive and dignified etiquettes of the noble, but also reflect Confucian moral concept of treating the dead like the alive, the idea of hierarchy, family system and other etiquette culture. So the funeral regulations have profound and widespread social foundation.