全国及主要刺参养殖省份刺参养殖状况分析

On Apostichopus japonicus culture in China and major culture provinces

本文对最近6年全国及7个刺参主要养殖省份（山东、辽宁、河北、江苏、浙江、福建、广东）刺参养殖产量及养殖面积进行了研究分析。结果表明,6年中,全国刺参绝对产量呈递增趋势,由2006年的75 725 t增加到2011年的137 754 t,其中2010年产量增加较大,比2009年增加28 144 t。全国刺参产量在全国海水养殖产量的比重逐年增大,由2006年的0.52%增大到2011年的0.89%。全国刺参绝对养殖面积2007年最小为64 386 hm2（公顷）,2009年最大为153 626 hm2。全国刺参养殖面积占全国海水养殖面积百分比先升高后降低,2006年最低为4.75%,2009年最高达到8.35%。全国刺参单位面积产量2007年最高,2009年最低。辽宁省、山东省是刺参养殖两大省份,其刺参产量之和占全国刺参产量的91.4%~98.1%,并且逐年下降;其刺参养殖面积之和占全国刺参养殖面积的92.6%~99.0%,也呈逐年下降趋势。南方各省刺参产量占全国刺参产量的比重正在逐年增大,尤其是福建省2011年已成为继山东、辽宁之后的第三大刺参养殖大省。

The paper analyzed the yield and area of Apostichopus japonicus culture in China and 7 major A. japonicus culture provinces（ Shandong, Liaoning, Hebei, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong province）. The results indicated that in the past six years,the national A. japonicus yield showed an increasing trend from 75 725 tons in 2006 to 137 754 tons in 2011,of which 2010 showed the highest increase,28 144 tons more than 2009. The yield proportion of national A. japonicus in the national mariculture production increased year by year,from 0. 52% in 2006 to 0. 89% in 2011. The minimum national A. japonicus culture area appeared in 2007,it was 64 386 hm2（ square hectares） while the maximum was 153 626 hm2in 2009. For the whole country,the percentage of A. japonicus culture area in the mariculture rose at first and then decreased,the top was 8. 35% in 2009 and the bottom was 4. 75% in 2006. The national A. japonicus yield per hectare peaked in 2007 while hit the bottom in 2009. Liaoning and Shandong were the two major provinces of A. japonicus culture and the sum of A. japonicus yield accounted for 91. 4%- 98. 1%,but it declined gradually; the sum of A. japonicus culture area accounted for 92. 6%-99. 0% and it also showed a declining trend. The proportion of A. japonicus yield in southern provinces was increasing,especially in Fujian province which was the third largest A. japonicus aquaculture province after Shandong and Liaoning province in 2011.