石油库油罐防火间距探析

An approach to fireproof distance between storage tanks of petroleum tank farm

为检验现行标准中对油罐防火间距的要求在发生多油罐燃烧时是否仍然能够保证安全,依据石油库油罐的排列特点,设计多火源等间距阵列燃烧试验,研究多油罐耦合燃烧时火源燃烧速率的增长幅度,从而计算出伤害距离的增长幅度,进而计算多火源燃烧时的防火间距理论值。试验结果表明:多火源燃烧时,耦合火源的平均燃烧速率随火源间距先增大后减小,当火源中心间距为火源直径的2倍时,耦合火源的平均燃烧速率最大约增长为单一火源燃烧时的4倍,伤害距离约变为单一火源燃烧时的2倍。考虑多油罐燃烧的辐射热增强效应,油罐防火间距理论上应设置为1.3D(D为相邻油罐中较大油罐的直径)以上。

In order to test if demand on fireproof of tanks from current standard is safety or not, when multiple fires are burning, square fire arrays experiment were done for a common petroleum tank farm sce- nario to estimate fireproof distance of multiple fires. Experimental results show that with distance between tanks increasing, when muhiple tanks are burning, the average burning rate of coupling fires first increases and then decreases, and that when center-to-center spacing between oil tanks is 2 times diameter of tank, the burning rate of multiple fires reaches the maximum and maximum is about 4 times burning rate of free burning lonely. Based on eorrelativity between hurting distance and burning rate, the hurting distance of multiple fires should be 2 times the distance for single fire. Therefore, thinking about enhanced effect of radiant heat of multiple tanks, the fireproof distance set value should be 1.3 times the diameter of tank which is bigger one of adjacent tanks.