头孢菌素类药物输注时间对儿童用药安全性的影响

Effects of commonly used cephalosporins drugs in infusion time of intravenous infusion to children's medication safety

目的：考察5种头孢菌素类药物在5%葡萄糖注射液（GS）、0.9%氯化钠注射液（NS）和小儿电解质注射液中的稳定性，进而评价其在输液中输注时间长短对儿童用药安全性的影响。方法随机抽查本院2013年门诊儿科单月双日处方，选出5种常用头孢菌素类药物，测定其与3种注射液分别混合后的相对百分含量、pH值和外观情况，并记录患儿在输液中的输注时间。结果头孢唑肟在小儿电解质液中、头孢美唑在5%葡萄糖中、头孢呋辛在0.9%NS和5%GS中，以3 h为界其pH值有一定变化，而溶液外观、相对百分含量均无改变。头孢孟多和头孢地嗪在各时间点的溶液外观、pH值和相对百分含量均无明显变化。且各年龄段患儿的输注时间以2~3h为主。结论在3h内，这5种头孢菌素类药物的溶液外观、pH值及相对百分含量无明显变化，溶液较稳定，用于输注时间较长的儿童是安全的。

Objective To observe the stability of commonly used five cephalosporin drugs in 5%glucose injection , 0.9%sodium chloride injection and pediatric electrolyte injection. And then evaluate the influence of infusion time on children＆#39;s medication safety. Methods Random sampling from 2013 outpatient pediatrics monthly two-day prescription, choose five kinds of commonly used cephalosporin drugs, measure its respectively mixed with three kinds of injection after the relative percentage content, PH value and appearance of the situation. Records infusion time in intravenous infusion. Results Five cephalosporin drugs respectively mixed with three kinds of injection, at 3 h points, ceftizoxime in pediatric electrolyte injection, cefmetazole in 5%glucose injection, cefuroxime in 5%glucose injection and 0.9%sodium chloride injection , its solution were no change of appearance, relative percentage but had change in the PH value to a certain extent. At all time points, cefamandole and cefodizime had no obvious change in solution appearance, PH value and relative percentage content. And It was usually 2 to 3 h for children of infusion time in intravenous infusion. Consulison Five kinds of cephalosporin drugs respectively mixed with three kinds of injection, appearance, PH value and relative percentage content has no obvious change within 3 h solution, and the solution is the more stable, so it is safe for children in a longer infusion time.