栽培方式对温室辣椒光合特性及产量和品质的影响

Effects of cultivation means on photosynthetic characteristics, quality and yield of greenhouse pepper

【目的】研究温室辣椒最适宜的栽培方式,为温室辣椒的优质高产提供理论依据。【方法】以"秦椒1号"为材料,采用完全随机区组试验,研究穴距、行距、定植方式对温室辣椒农艺性状、光合特性及产量、品质的影响。【结果】穴距35cm、行距为窄行50cm/宽行70cm时,辣椒植株的株高、茎粗、叶绿素相对含量以及地上部分和地下部分干物质质量均达到较高水平。定植方式对下层叶片光合作用影响较大,且单株定植时植株的光合作用较强。在穴距35cm、窄行50cm/宽行70cm条件下,双株定植时辣椒折合总产量最高,为102 583.5kg/hm2;单株定植时折合总产量为94 735.5kg/hm2,综合经济效益最好。穴距对辣椒果实品质的影响差异不显著,单株定植时果实的综合品质较好。【结论】穴距35cm、行距为窄行50cm/宽行70cm、单株定植时综合效益最好,是钢管骨架塑料大棚内"秦椒1号"辣椒品种适宜的栽培方式。

[Objective] This study aimed to find the best cultivation conditions for greenhouse pepper. [Method] Using pepper variety ＂Qin pepper No. 1＂ as test material,effects of hole distance,row spacing, and planting method on agronomic traits, photosynthesis characteristics, quality and yield of greenhouse pepper were studied using completely randomized experiment. [Result] The plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content and dry matter content reached a good level when the hole distance,narrow row dis- tance and wide row distance were 35 cm,50 em and 70 cm,respectively. The planting methods had signifi- cant effects on the photosynthesis of lower leaves, especially for single planting. At the optimal condition, double planting reached the maximum yield of 102 583.5 kg/hmz ,and single planting reached the maximum yield of 94 735.5 kg/hme. The best economic benefits were obtained as well. The difference in effect of hole spacing and row spacing on fruit quality was not significant. The nutritional quality of pepper in single planting was better. [Conclusion] The optimal planting patterns for pepper variety ＂Qin pepper No. 1＂ were single seedling method with hole distance, narrow row distance,and wide row distance of 35 cm, 50 cm,and 70 cm, respectively.