太湖上游流域地表水及污水处理厂尾水氮、磷污染特征分析

Pollution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface water and effluent from wastewater treatment plant in upstream reaches of the Taihu Lake

抽样分析了太湖上游流域地表水、以生活污水为主的污水处理厂尾水以及工业园区(印染、化工)集中污水处理厂尾水水样,重点表征了地表水和污水处理厂尾水氮、磷污染物的组成及污染特征。结果表明,污水处理厂尾水及地表水中的氮污染类别主要为亚硝态氮、硝态氮,高浓度有机氮主要存在于化工园区集中污水处理厂尾水中,而磷污染的主要类别为有机磷,其浓度平均占总磷浓度的50%以上。建议污水处理厂进一步强化生物脱氮效率,提高混凝沉淀效果,并针对有机氮实施有针对性的预处理手段以提高总氮去除率。

Water samples were random collected from surface water, effluent from sewage treatment plant and industri- al park wastewater treatment plant （WTP） in upstream reaches of the Taihu Lake. The pollution characteristics and composi- tion of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants were differentiated. The results showed that the main conformation of nitrogen in the samples was nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, while the high concentrate organic nitrogen were detected in treated wastewater from chemical industrial park WTP. Moreover, main component of phosphorus in the samples was organic phos- phorus which could occupy more than half of total phosphorus. Some suggestion were provided that the WTP should be fur- ther enhanced the biological denitrification efficiency, improve the effect of coagulation sedimentation,and focused on the pre- treatment of organic nitrogen to increase the total nitrogen removal rate.