废弃物生物质液化制取生物油的研究进展

Review and perspective on waste biomass liquefaction for bio-fuel

废弃物生物质处置不当引起的环境污染与潜在资源浪费已引起了广泛关注,而废弃物生物质液化制取生物油是解决有机废弃物污染及其能源化再利用的一种新技术。在对多糖、木质素、蛋白质、油脂等生物质大分子聚合物的液化机制阐述分析的基础上,讨论了温度、加热速度、粒径、压强、停留时间、液固质量比,特别是催化剂以及还原气和供氢剂等反应条件或参数对生物油的影响机制,最后介绍了生物质液化油的物理化学性质以及该技术存在的若干问题。

There is a growing attention on the environmental pollution and loss of potential regeneration of re- sources associated to the poor disposal of waste biomass. Biomass liquefaction technology emerges as a promising op- tion for both wastes treatment and converting waste biomass into a liquid fuel. Liquefaction mechanisms of biomass macromolecule polymers, such as polysaccharide, lignin, protein and lipid, are fully reviewed, and several key parame- ters of liquefaction technique, including reaction temperature, heating rate, particle size, pressure, resident time and sol- vent density, are discussed. Issues on catalyst, reducing gas and hydrogen donor are particularly addressed for impro- ving efficiency and bio-oil quality. Finally,a brief evaluation on bio-oil quality is illustrated and perspectives on future research in waste biomass liquefaction are also highlighted.