基于专业化发展的美国幼儿教师职前培养

Pre-service Education of American Early Childhood Teachers Based on Professional Development

经多次修改与完善，美国已就幼儿教师专业化发展问题，制定出一套全国统一的核心标准和三套依据不同学历层次的培养标准。在该标准的指导下，美国幼儿教师职前培养呈现出以下两个特点：一是关注儿童个体差异，注重幼儿教师的多元文化教育能力；二是以实践为导向的理论课程学习。基于专业化发展的美国幼儿教师职前培养，能为我国相关领域提供参考与借鉴，有效促进我国幼儿教师职前培养的发展。

After many times of modification and perfection, the United States has worked out a unified national core standards and three sets of standards according to different education levels on preschool teachers＇ professional development, the of. Under the guidance of the standard, the preschool teachers＇ pre-service training displays the following two characteristics： one is to pay attention to children＇s individual differences and to preschool teachers capacity of multicultural education; the second is to learn practice-oriented theory course. Teachers＇ pre-service training in the United States based on the professional development can offer reference for related fields in our country, effectively promoting the development of preschool teachers＇ pre-service training.