从“关心自己”到“认识自己”——论福柯主体理论的道德维度

From “care of the self” to “know of the self”——Essay on moral dimension of subject theories of Michel Foucault

福柯通过伦理系谱学翻开"关心自己"的历史,研究古希腊罗马以来的哲学思想,围绕着那一时期各种修身实践及生存的艺术,揭露"认识自己"逐渐遮蔽和吞噬"关心自己"的历史,描述了一个主体生成建构的历史。在福柯的论述中,主体的进程既是各种自我修身实践与道德、权力以各种方式发生关系的进程,也是"关心自己"的道德向"认识自己"的道德与身体体验隐秘聚合的进程,这一道德维度与"主体复归"的问题密切相关,福柯对主体问题的思考也因此极具现实意义。

Michel Foucault opens the history of “care of the self” by genealogy, his researches on the ancient Greek -Rome philosophy, focusing on a variety of self-fashioning practices and living arts during that time , exposes a history of “care of the self”covered gradually by that of “know of the self”, depicts a history of the subjectivity was constructed , which is a process that all kinds of body practices connect with morality and forces in different ways .The art of living practices are actually some kinds of moral politi-cal aesthetics, What Foucault questioned is the invisible polymerization of morality and physical experiences as well as their separa-tion, in which the morality dimension is so related to the question of “return of the subject” that it means a lot in the present.